Causes of the arab spring pdf

The gaddafi archives libya before the arab spring view gallery an exhibition of photographs, documents and artefacts from the human rights watch archive paints a portrait of libya in the four decades prior to the arab spring. Political and economic development in most arab states simply could not keep up with the staggering increase in the population, as the ruling. The unfinished revolutions of the new middle east, new york. When it comes to politics, clear political factors emerge as important reasons for the uprising in the muslim world. By early 2011 they had spread into what became known as the arab springa wave of protests, uprisings, and unrest that spread across arabicspeaking countries in. All these factors, to large extent have contributed to the causes of this.

The causes of the arab spring, or as some call it, arab awakening, were many and longgathering. Effects and consequences of the arab spring the hollings. Later, similar rebellions followed in libya, bahrain, syria and yemen. This research paper examines thoroughly and critically all the causes and facilitators of the arab spring from twitter and facebook to the relative deprivation of the numerous youth in the arab world. Jul 17, 2017 the arab spring may have awakened the entire middle east with a taste of democracy in a few countries, but syria has seen the adverse effects of it. Monarchies have largely weathered popular discontent.

Demonstrators expressing political and economic grievances faced violent crackdowns by. The arab spring refers to a period of protests beginning on december 18, 2010 in tunisia, which quickly spread to numerous other arab nations and resulted in regime change in tunisia, libya, egypt, and yemen, and repression andor violence in syria, bahrain, sudan, and elsewhere. This resulted in a rather stunted and closed atmosphere. It is known that due of the economic distress, and lack of employment, many turned to blame the governments in their countries. Kassem will discuss the reasons for the arab spring mobilizations, including the economic reasons, the islamic awakening that was led by moderate. Pdf arab spring as a background of civil war in syria. The arab spring is a term that refers to the uprisings that happened in the arab world between 2011 and 2012. Tunisia and egypt evolved besides shedding light on the 2011 arab spring event. This paper attempts to examine the causes of the arab uprisings in middle eastern.

In tunisia, protests which began primary over economic frustration, injustice and. Also in the case of the arab spring, scholars and analysts have attributed a primary role to these economic causes lagi et al. The situation in the arab world has implications for turkey and the united states. It is known that due of the economic distress, and lack of employment, many. The arab spring uprisings of 2011 triggered a wide set of social movements and regime change across the middle east and north africa. A bumpy road ahead pdf by hassan hakimian, director of the london middle east institute and reader, economics department, soas underscores the underlying importance of the economic conditions facing the new republics, such as egypt and tunisia, which are emerging as a result of the arab spring. Financial pressures top every list of catalysts and causes of the arab spring, espeeially when cormption at the hands of the mling and social elite is added. To move beyond this arab spring legacy and regain a reputation for mediation and diplomacy, qatar may well have to step back from the regional leadership that was characteristic of dohas policies during and after the arab spring, and act instead as a facilitator of dialogue and quiet negotia. Unlike 911, the arab spring is attributable to deep and widespread sociological causes e. The causes and effects of the arab springs by matthew.

Three major realities were political reason that motivated the population to take the streets. While interconnected, uprisings in each nation took different forms and reached. Nevertheless, in the last decade almost all of the mena economies. Authoritarianism and democratization in the arab w orld, rex brynen et al. The arab spring and its unintended effects in syria. The arab spring started in countries that actually had economic growth. The political causes of the arab spring the arab spring can be analysed in many ways. Arab spring used their powers vehemently to crush the demonstrators and consequently the peaceful protesters also became violent. The economic consequences of the arab spring by mohsin khan atlantic council rafik hariri center for the middle east the popular uprisings that swept the middle east in early 2011 dramatically altered the political landscape of the region with the overthrow of autocratic regimes in egypt, libya, tunisia, and yemen. In december 2010, the selfimmolation of a street vendor in tunisia triggered the arab spring this series of peaceful popular uprisings from egypt in the.

Chloe mulderig abstract many scholars have focused on the political factors in particular, the desire for regime change and democratization as central motivations for the arab spring revolutions of 2011. Demonstrators expressing political and economic grievances faced violent crackdowns by their countries security forces. Causes of the arab spring the wave of social protests that swept through the arab world during 2011, toppling some longstanding regimes and seriously destabilizing others, was the consequence of decades of oppressive and authoritarian political systems, failed economic policies, and socially alienated and disaffected populations, mainly youths. A young man sets fire to himself on the streets of tunisia. The profile of arab spring protestors 117 arab spring protests and riots 120 7 the aftermath of the arab spring 127 introduction 127 state responses to the arab spring 128 foreign interventions, identitybased polarization, and highintensity civil wars 1 overlapping horizontal divisions 5 what explains the arab paradox of political. There is an anxiety that new despots will simply replace the former ones in many of these states. Weighing multiple political, economic, and cultural conditions, we find that information infrastructure especially mobile phone use consistently appears as one of the key ingredients in parsimonious models for the conjoined combinations of causes. Oct 19, 2015 kassem will discuss the reasons for the arab spring mobilizations, including the economic reasons, the islamic awakening that was led by moderate islamic groups, liberal and secular movements for.

Feb 05, 2019 tunisians overthrowing a dictator peacefully. The ultimate causes of the 2015 crisis in yemen can be. Many experts compare the arab spring to the popular revolutions that shook communist states in the late 1980s and early 1990s of the 20th century. Jun, 2018 tunisia and egypt evolved besides shedding light on the 2011 arab spring event. What were the main causes of the arab spring in 20112012. Ever since the 1950s the arab world has been dominated by strongmen e. Spyridon plakoudas analyst kedisa research paper no. Momani bessma arab spring a genuine revolutionary movement. Arab spring research guide and notes sheet targets.

Nahid afrose kabir 1 he arab spring was a civil uprising mainly of arab youths in tunisia and egypt which commenced in december 2010 and january 2011 respectively. I can describe the causes and effects of the arab spring in my assigned country. Justice and human dignity were not priorities in most states. This spark threatens to set the whole of the middle. The arab spring and its subsequent impact on a global scale that sparked widespread protests against governments and policies, is a watershed in the evolution of sociopolitical movements. Widely circulated pdfs of tip sheets explained how to pull off a. Many arabs believe that the arab spring is a western, and more specifically an american, plan since the days of former us secretary of state henry kissinger to divide the middle east into smaller.

George orwell in his animal farm through allusions had prophesised this very predicament across nations where the poor, overworked and repressed. The arab spring at one a year of living dangerously, foreign affairs, vol. For decades, arab populations had faced repression of free speech, human rights abuses, economic mismanagement, corruption and stifling of political dissent. Luciani and others published on the economic causes of the arab spring and its possible developments find, read. Jun 15, 2016 the causes and the consequences of the arab srping explained in this documentary. Politics comes first gadi wolfsfeld 1, elad segev2, and tamir sheafer3 abstract the goal of this article is to place the role that social media plays in collective action within a more general theoretical structure, using the events of the arab spring as a case study.

To move beyond this arab spring legacy and regain a reputation for mediation and diplomacy, qatar may well have to step back from the regional leadership that was characteristic of dohas policies during and after the arab spring, and act instead as. Impact of the arab uprisings the arab spring reached yemen in february 2011. Pdf on the economic causes of the arab spring and its possible. Friedman suggested that the united states is caught in a dilemmato intervene or not intervene on one hand, the more the u. Mar 29, 2019 by early 2011 they had spread into what became known as the arab springa wave of protests, uprisings, and unrest that spread across arabicspeaking countries in north africa and the middle east. Many experts compare the arab spring to the popular revolutions that shook. These include political freedom, economic prosperity, and human dignity. The arab spring of discontent einternational relations. The causes and the consequences of the arab srping explained in this documentary. Arab spring, wave of prodemocracy protests and uprisings that took place in the middle east and north africa beginning in 2010, challenging some of the regions entrenched authoritarian regimes.

Like all great social upheavals, the arab spring was long in the making, and born of many intertwined causes. The paper what were the main causes of the arab spring in 20112012. Mar 28, 2012 weighing multiple political, economic, and cultural conditions, we find that information infrastructure especially mobile phone use consistently appears as one of the key ingredients in parsimonious models for the conjoined combinations of causes behind social movement success during the arab spring. The endgame is a series of films exploring the fall of the gaddafi regime from the perspective of those who helped to bring it down al jazeera tv the long road to tripoli. What are the main points of consensus in the analysis of the arab spring about the factors that led to it and what tipped the balance into widespread protestunrest. Like germany, england and france in the second world war, most of syria is destroyed. Jul 27, 2011 as economic distress is show to be one of the major causes of the arab spring, political dissatisfaction may be the biggest of them all to cause these disturbances. This po l i c y br i e f attempts to analyze whether and how the arab spring might affect regional foreign and security policies in the context of con.

The blame spiraled into riots against political leaders. I can compare and contrast the causes and effects of the arab spring in other middle eastern nations. What caused citizens in the arab world to rise up against their governments. A number of factors have been selected under five main themes namely economics development, political legitimacy, social demography, islamism and the advance of new social media. Egyptian revolution, also known as arab spring or arab uprising, was a shock for international community because egypt has been seen as one of the strongest military state in north africa region.

The major causes of the arabisraeli conflict were foreign interference, nationalism and the collapse of the ottoman empire. The demands made by protestors were wide ranging, and also evolved as protest movements developed. After more than five decades of independence from european colonialism, autocratic rulers have failed to meet the legitimate aspirations of the arab people. Unrest and uncertainty the big picture, the boston globes photoblog. What was meant to be an uprising for change turned into a bloody, brutal and endless civil war. Libya the death of dictator first protests in libya started on january 2011 but mass uprisings began in the city of benghazi on 15 february 2011. However, the arab world is currently experiencing massive.

These factors were critical to the development and escalation of hostilities between the two nations torn over one land. The uprisings were sparked by the first protests that. The arab uprisings represent a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests that swept the arab world. The name arab spring is a reference to the revolutions of 1848also known as the peoples spring when political upheavals swept europe. The common slogan of the protesters throughout arab spring was the people want to bring down the regime aissa, 2012. The causes and effects of the arab springs by 12ael no single cause was behind the arab spring. Causes of the arab spring causes of the arab spring may be described as following. As economic distress is show to be one of the major causes of the arab spring, political dissatisfaction may be the biggest of them all to cause these disturbances. The arab spring in egypt religious literacy project. Arab regimes had been sitting on a demographic time bomb for decades. Overview there has been much analysis of the causes and rapid spread of the 2011 arab spring or. The name arab spring is a reference to the revolutions of 1848also known as the peoples springwhen political upheavals swept europe.

In egypt, protests and strikes began on january 25, 2011 national police day and lasted for 18 days, bringing. The arab spring may have awakened the entire middle east with a taste of democracy in a few countries, but syria has seen the adverse effects of it. Development of conflict in arab spring libya and syria. Shallow reforms and inequitable socioeconomic development with the exception of bahrain, the arab uprisings have been thus far limited to republics, namely tunisia, egypt, libya, yemen and syria. We al jazeera tv follow a group of libyan exiles as they sacrifice everything to return home for the final assault on tripoli. The global crisis has, probably, exacerbated the populations discontent.